Additives definitively help. Diesel fuel "gels" at temps below freezing. Even In the Midwest (not as cold as AK) I always use an additive in the winter and summer to help with starting and it makes a huge difference.
CDNSARGUY has all the info for glow plug operation. If you do a search under the forum tools, you can read up on a lot of post about glow plug operation. Our system doesn't cycle as long as tractors, but you should have your wait to start light come on for around 10 seconds in the cold.
Another thought too, have you checked to see if you have any leaks around the injectors. Your return lines might be leaking and letting air back into the system adding to the hard starts.
CDNSARGUY has all the info for glow plug operation. If you do a search under the forum tools, you can read up on a lot of post about glow plug operation. Our system doesn't cycle as long as tractors, but you should have your wait to start light come on for around 10 seconds in the cold.
Another thought too, have you checked to see if you have any leaks around the injectors. Your return lines might be leaking and letting air back into the system adding to the hard starts.